The Path To Pass The PMP Certification Exam

As I went to several PMI seminars, I found 3 reasons why we need to attend:

– Learning brand new ideas and hear good tips from great PMP experts and professionals
– Develop a good communication between you and other PMP applicants.
– Practice dealing with other people, in preparation with group project tasks.

However, you would often hear that most PMP experts didn’t find it difficult at all, even though we knew that this PMP exam is hard. Majority of them use simulators to help them with the training. Let me share with you on how to pass the PMP certification exam with these simulators. But before that, let us understand first what Project Management Certification Exam is.

Getting to know the PMP Exam

The PMP exam is a multiple-choice question and must be accomplished within four hours. The exam has 25 “pretest” questions, therefore, there are only 175 live questions counted. Its main focus is to test the PMP knowledge and abilities of the applicant within certain situations and given problems.

This PMP exam is prepared and given by the Project Management Institute (PMI), a well-known organization that provides you the PMP Certification after you successfully pass the exam. But, this particular examination is not freely given. You need to pay for it.

Here’s a tip: if you apply as a PMI member before taking the exam and the training, you would have a great deal of discounts. Plus, you could get more benefits than those who aren’t. So, better apply now. It won’t cost you that much. Besides, it will be more expensive if you are not a member.

Now, let us know the methods used by newly certified PMPs and review if this strategy will do well with you. Most of them had taken PMP course, PMP training, study with the PMBOK guide, and practices with PMP exam simulators, group study, review maps and formulas for the projects, and many more. It is essential that you prepare yourself months before the exam. It was even recommended to have at least 1 month of PMP training.

They might say that the exam is not that difficult, but if you won’t prepare for the exam, you will find yourself scratching your heads because you don’t know what would be the best answer for the particular question. Thinking that you are paying for that exam, you will be wasting your money if you are not able to pass. You still have the responsibility. Also, they have gone to seminars and successfully using the methods they have learned in their practical application.

Through the use of the Internet, all the resources for the PMP exam are not impossible to reach. Even those sample questions are found online and some has explanations about the answers, especially if those questions are more on situational problems.

And the last process in preparing for the PMP exam is taking up PMP simulators. These simulators or mock questions give you a glimpse on what will gonna happen during the test. It provides an environment just like the actual exam. But this exam doesn’t contain questions that will come out during the exam. It will just test if you are really prepared for the exam. If you found any weak points, you could easily polish it until you are fully equipped to take the exam.

This is the path to pass the PMP exam. Utilize all the resources given. You will surely receive the fruit of your labor, the certification which you are aiming for. Good luck on your exam!

Copyright (c) 2011 John Reiling

Cisco CCNA / CCNP Certification Exam: Frame Relay BECNs and FECNs

BECNs and FECNs aren’t just important to know for your Cisco CCNA and CCNP certification exams – they’re an important part of detecting congestion on a Frame Relay network and allowing the network to dynamically adjust its transmission rate when congestion is encountered.

The Forward Explicit Congestion Notification (FECN, pronounced “feckon”) bit is set to zero by default, and will be set to 1 if congestion was experienced by the frame in the direction in which the frame was traveling. A DCE (frame relay switch) will set this bit, and a DTE (router) will receive it, and see that congestion was encountered along the frame’s path.

If network congestion exists in the opposite direction in which the frame was traveling, the Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (BECN, pronounced “beckon”) will be set to 1 by a DCE.

If this is your first time working with BECNs and FECNs, you might wonder why the BECN even exists – after all, why send a “backwards” notification? The BECN is actually the most important part of this entire process, since it’s the BECN bit that indicates to the sender that it needs to slow down!

For example, frames sent from Kansas City to Green Bay encounter congestion in the FR cloud. A Frame Switch sets the FECN bit to 1. In order to alert KC that it’s sending data too fast, GB will send return frames with the BECN bit set. When KC sees the BECN bit is set to 1, the KC router knows that the congestion occurred when frames were sent from KC to GB.

Frame Relay BECN Adaptive Shaping allows a router to dynamically throttle back on its transmission rate if it receives frames from the remote host with the BECN bit set. In this case, KC sees that the traffic it’s sending to GB is encountering congestion, because the traffic coming back from GB has the BECN bit set. If BECN Adaptive Shaping is running on KC, that router will adjust to this congestion by slowing its transmission rate. When the BECNs stop coming in from GB, KC will begin to send at a faster rate.

BECN Adaptive Shaping is configured as follows:

KC(config)#int s0

KC(config-if)#frame-relay adaptive-shaping becn

To see how many frames are coming in and going out with the BECN and FECN bits set, run show frame pvc.

R3#show frame pvc

input pkts 306 output pkts 609 in bytes 45566

out bytes 79364 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0

in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0

in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0

out bcast pkts 568 out bcast bytes 75128

pvc create time 01:26:27, last time pvc status changed 01:26:27

Just watch the “in”s and “out”s of BECN, FECN, and DE in both the exam room and your production networks!